The relationship between cognitive impairment and white-matter integrity in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains poorly understood, particularly in clade C. The authors utilized diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation to investigate the relationship between cognitive impairment and white-matter integrity in HIV-positive subjects with clade C HIV. Forty-four HIV-infected individuals and 10 seronegative subjects were compared, using a whole-brain, voxel-based approach to define fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusion (MD). Compared with healthy-control subjects, the HIV-infected group exhibited decreased FA in the corpus callosum, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and cingulum and sagittal stratum. This study provides evidence that white-matter integrity is compromised in individuals infected with clade C HIV.

Volume 23
Issue 3

Summer 2011
Pages 308-315

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Location of work: Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, and Cape Universities Brain Imaging Centre Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, 7505 South Africa.

JH has received support from the Medical Research Foundation of South Africa and the Discovery Foundation Academic Award of South Africa. JJ has received support from the National Research Foundation, the Biological Psychiatry special interest group of the South Africa Society of Psychiatrists, the Medical Research Foundation of South Africa, and the Faculty of Health Sciences Research Committee, University of Cape Town.

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History

Received 26 July 2010

Accepted 18 November 2010

Published online 1 July 2011

Published in print 1 July 2011

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White-Matter Damage in Clade C HIV-Positive Subjects: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

Abstract