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Traumatic Brain Injury in Children and Adolescents

Psychiatric Disorders at One Year

Received March 24, 1997; revised June 30, 1997; accepted July 1, 1997. From the Departments of Psychiatry, Speech Pathology and Audiology, Pediatrics, and Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. Address correspondence to Dr. Max, Department of Psychiatry, 1876 JPP, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242.

Factors predictive of psychiatric outcome in the second 6 months following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in 43 children and adolescents were assessed prospectively. The outcome measure was the presence of a psychiatric disorder not present before the injury ("novel"). Out of six models tested, four were predictive of novel psychiatric disorder: preinjury family function, family psychiatric history, socioeconomic class/intellectual function, and behavior/adaptive function. Post hoc analyses suggested that preinjury family functioning measured by a structured interview was a significant predictive variable. Severity of injury, when reclassified as severe versus mild/moderate TBI, significantly predicted novel psychiatric disorders. These data suggest that some children, identifiable through clinical assessment, are at increased risk for psychiatric disorders following TBI.

Key Words: Traumatic Brain Injury • Children and Adolescents

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