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Neurobehavioral Correlates of Perceived Mental and Motor Slowness in HIV Infection and AIDS

Received April 24, 1997; revised July 10, 1997; accepted July 21, 1997. From the Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, Epidemiology, and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Address correspondence to Dr. Lopez, Neuropsychology Research Program, 3600 Forbes Avenue, Suite 502, Iroquois Building, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.

The authors assessed 72 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected patients with a self-rating slowness scale (SRSS) concerning mental and motor slowness in their activities of daily living. In order to understand the relationship between complaints of slowness and predictor variables, the investigators developed a preliminary model using multiple regression analysis. Reports of slowness on the SRSS were independently associated with self-reported cognitive and neurological symptoms and with peripheral neurological syndromes (e.g., neuropathy, myopathy). Lesser contributions to self-perceived mental and motor slowness were found for neuropsychological measures of information processing speed, severity of the infection, depression, HIV encephalopathy, and sociodemographic factors (e.g., age, education). The relationship among the predictor variables showed that complaints of slowness reflect neurological, psychiatric/psychological, and cognitive symptomatology of the HIV infection.

Key Words: Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Type 1 • Motor Symptoms • Neuropsychology

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