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Occipital Atrophy Is Associated With Visual Hallucinations in Alzheimer's Disease

Received February 10, 1999; revised May 20, 1999; accepted May 26, 1999. From the Department of Psychiatric Medicine, Neurovisualization Lab–Virginia Neurological Institute, University of Virginia–Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, Virginia. Address correspondence to Dr. Holroyd, Department of Psychiatric Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, Box 623, Charlottesville, VA 22908.

In this study of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), patients with visual hallucinations were compared with patients who did not have visual hallucinations to determine if selective occipital lobe atrophy is associated with visual hallucinations. Seven AD patients with visual hallucinations were matched by cognitive score to 7 AD patients without visual hallucinations and 3-D MRI images obtained. A ratio of measured occipital volumes to whole brain volumes was compared between the two groups. AD patients with visual hallucinations had a significantly smaller occipital/whole brain ratio than AD patients without visual hallucinations. These results suggest visual hallucinations in AD may be associated with neuropathology of the occipital lobe.

Key Words: Alzheimer's Disease • Hallucinations • Occipital Lobe

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