
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 12:451-457, November 2000
© 2000 American Psychiatric Press, Inc.
Relationships Among Apathy, Depression, and Cognitive Impairment in HIV/AIDS
Judith G. Rabkin, Ph.D., M.P.H.,
Stephen J. Ferrando, M.D.,
Wilfred van Gorp, Ph.D.,
Ricardo Rieppi, M.A.,
Martin McElhiney, Ph.D. and
Margaret Sewell, Ph.D.
Received November 9, 1999; revised February 7, 2000; accepted April 18, 2000. From the Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York. Address correspondence to Dr. Rabkin, New York State Psychiatric Institute #51, 151 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032; e-mail: jgr1{at}Columbia.edu
This study was designed to determine whether apathy is associated with neurocognitive symptoms and/or depressive symptoms in HIV/AIDS and also whether apathy is associated with patient expectancies about antiretroviral medication adherence. Seventy-five HIV+ homosexual men and 58 HIV+ women were assessed for depressive disorders and symptoms. Neuropsychological tests measured attention, concentration, learning, memory, executive function, and psychomotor speed. Other measures included Marin's Apathy Evaluation Scale, the Adherence Determinants Questionnaire, CD4 cell count, and HIV RNA viral load. Apathy was consistently related to depression and unrelated to neuropsychological impairment. Patient expectancies regarding medication adherence were unrelated to apathy when the analysis was controlled for depressive symptoms.
Key Words: Apathy Depression Neuropsychology HIV
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