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Neuropsychological Effects of Chronic Methamphetamine Use on Neurotransmitters and Cognition: A Review

Received January 4, 2002; revised April 2, 2002; accepted April 5, 2002. From the Department of Psychiatry, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Address correspondence to Dr. Thomas E. Nordahl, Department of Psychiatry, University of California Davis Medical Center, 2230 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817; tenordahl{at}ucdavis.edu (E-mail).

Methamphetamine use is on the rise, with an imminent upsurge of abuse and dependence reported across the United States. Currently, preliminary evidence suggests that methamphetamine dependence may cause long-term neural damage in humans, with concomitant deleterious effects on cognitive processes such as memory and attention. This selective review provides an outline and synthesis of studies that assess the neurotoxic mechanisms of methamphetamine, as well as those that evaluate the cognitive sequelae of methamphetamine abuse.

Key Words: Methamphetamine • Review • Cognitive effects • Serotonin • Dopamine • Abuse

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