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Variation in Neurophysiological Function and Evidence of Quantitative Electroencephalogram Discordance: Predicting Cocaine-Dependent Treatment Attrition

Received September 2, 2004; revised April 19, 2005; accepted May 16, 2005. From the Medication Development Unit, Research Service, and Psychiatry Service, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; the Quantitative EEG Laboratory, University of California, Los Angeles Neuropsychiatric Institute and Hospital, Los Angeles, California; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California; and Tarzana Treatment Centers, Inc. Address correspondence to Dr. Venneman, University of Houston-Victoria, Departments of Biology & Psychology, 3007 Ben Wilson, Victoria, TX 77901; VennemanS{at}uhv.edu (E-mail).

Cocaine treatment trials suffer from a high rate of attrition. We examined pretreatment neurophysiological factors to identify participants at greatest risk. Twenty-five participants were divided into concordant and discordant groups following electroencephalogram (EEG) measures recorded prior to a double-blind, placebo-controlled treatment trial. Three possible outcomes were examined: successful completion, dropout, and removal. Concordant (high perfusion correlate) participants had an 85% rate of successful completion, while discordant participants had a 15% rate of successful completion. Twenty-five percent of dropouts and 50% of participants removed were discordant (low perfusion correlate), while only 25% of those who completed were discordant. Failure to complete the trial was not explained by depression, craving, benzoylecgonine levels or quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG) power; thus cordance may help identify attrition risk.

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