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HIV Proviral DNA Associated With Decreased Neuropsychological Function

Received October 3, 2005; revised June 1, 2006; accepted June 2, 2006. Drs. Shiramizu, Williams, Shikuma, Watters, Grove, and Valcour are affiliated with the Hawaii AIDS Clinical Research Program, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii. Dr. Paul is affiliated with the University of Missouri, Department of Psychology, St. Louis, Missouri. Address correspondence to Dr. Shiramizu, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Hawaii AIDS Clinical Research Program, 3675 Kilauea Avenue, Young Building, 5th Floor, Honolulu, HI 96816; bshirami{at}hawaii.edu (e-mail).

The authors previously found a strong association between elevated HIV proviral DNA (HIV DNA) and a diagnosis of HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD) vs. normal cognition. It is unclear whether HIV DNA globally affects the diagnosis of HAD or whether the effect is limited to individual neuropsychological deficits. This exploratory study examined baseline HIV DNA and its association with individual neuropsychological deficits. HIV DNA was significantly associated with baseline neuropsychological deficits independent of age, ethnicity, IQ, and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels. However, HIV DNA did not predict future changes in neuropsychological deficits. The data suggest that HIV DNA and neuropsychological deficits may co-vary over time.

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