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Comparability of the Clinical Diagnostic Criteria for Vascular Dementia: A Critical Review. Part I

Received December 19, 2006; revised April 11 and May 29, 2007; accepted June 4, 2007. Drs. Wiederkehr, Simard, and Fortin are affiliated with École de psychologie, Université Laval in Québec, Canada. Dr. Simard is affiliated with Centre de Recherche Université Laval-Robert Giffard in Québec, Canada. Dr. van Reekum is affiliated with the Kunin-Lunenfeld Applied Research Unit (KLARU) and Department of Psychiatry at Baycrest Centre and the Division of Geriatric Psychiatry at the University of Toronto. Address correspondence to Dr. Sandra Wiederkehr, Ecole de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V OA6, Canada.

This review is the first of a two-part series focusing on the comparability of eight clinical criteria used for the diagnosis of vascular dementia: the Hachinski Ischemic Scale; the Ischemic Scale of Rosen; the criteria proposed by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder–Third Edition (DSM-III), DSM-III-R, DSM-IV; International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10); State of California Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnostic and Treatment Centers (ADDTC); and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke-Association Internationale pour la Recherche et l’Enseignement en Neurosciences (NINDS-AIREN). The authors discuss the critical issues related to the definition of the cognitive syndromes as well as the vascular causes and associated heterogeneity of symptomatology across these criteria.

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