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White Matter Anisotropy and Depression Symptoms in Patients with HIV

Received March 28, 2007; revised July 13 and August 6, 2007; accepted August 13, 2007. Drs. Smith, Stebbins, Bartt, Kessler, and Adeyemi are affiliated with Rush University Medical Center in Chicago; Drs. Bartt, Kessler, and Adeyemi are also affiliated with John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County and the Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center in Chicago; Dr. Martin is affiliated with the University of Illinois, Chicago; Drs. Bammer and Moseley are affiliated with Stanford University in Stanford, Calif. Address correspondence to Clifford A. Smith, Ph.D., Oscar G. Johnson VA Medical Center, Iron Mountain, MI 49801; clifford.smith2{at}va.gov (e-mail).

HIV is associated with increased risk for depression. Normal appearing white matter (NAWM) fractional anisotropy in 15 HIV-seropositive (HIV+) adults with depressive symptoms was compared to 15 HIV+ adults without depressive symptoms. HIV+ adults with depressive symptoms showed increased NAWM fractional anisotropy within the left thalamus, the temporal, and frontal regions, as well as the right cingulate. Discrete components of depression were associated with distinct regional NAWM fractional anisotropy increases. These results demonstrate altered neural complexity in HIV+ adults with depressive symptoms and support the notion that depression is multifactorial with different morphological alterations contributing to discrete aspects of depression.

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