J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 10:314-319, August 1998
© 1998 American Psychiatric Press, Inc.
Apathy Is Not Depression
Morgan L. Levy, M.D.,
Jeffrey L. Cummings, M.D.,
Lynn A. Fairbanks, Ph.D.,
Donna Masterman, M.D.,
Bruce L. Miller, M.D.,
Anne H. Craig, M.D.,
Jane S. Paulsen, Ph.D. and
Irene Litvan, M.D.
Received June 12, 1997; revised August 13, 1997; accepted August 14, 1997. From the Departments of Psychiatry/Biobehavioral Sciences and Neurology, University of California–Los Angeles School of Medicine, the West Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Medical Center Psychiatry Service, and Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa; and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland. Address correspondence to Dr. Cummings, Reed Neurological Research Center, UCLA School of Medicine, 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1769.
If depression is associated with apathy, then they should be expressed together in different dementia syndromes and should co-occur at varying levels of disease severity. The authors performed a cross-sectional comparison of neuropsychiatric symptoms in 30 Alzheimer's disease, 28 frontotemporal dementia, 40 Parkinson's disease, 34 Huntington's disease, and 22 progressive supranuclear palsy patients, using a standardized rating scale (the Neuropsychiatric Inventory). Apathy did not correlate with depression in the combined sample; apathy (r= –0.40, P<0.0001), but not depression, correlated with lower cognitive function as measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination. The relationship of apathy to depression also varied across diagnostic groups. Apathy is a specific neuropsychiatric syndrome that is distinct from depression. Distinguishing these two syndromes has therapeutic implications.
Key Words: Apathy • Depression • Dementia
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