Anticonvulsants have long been used in the treatment of certain psychiatric conditions. As exemplified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) indications for divalproex sodium, carbamazepine, and lamotrigine in the acute and maintenance phases of bipolar disorder (Yatham et al. 2002), anticonvulsants are widely viewed as valid alternatives to, and in some cases preferred over, the conventional first-line psychopharmacotherapy choices of lithium and antipsychotics. Early observations of enhanced general well-being in epileptic patients treated with anticonvulsants, as well as various early hypotheses of kindling and sensitization proposed as models of affective illness progression (Weiss and Post 1998), have promoted controlled investigations of anticonvulsant drugs as potential mood-stabilizing agents.